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COINS OF JOHOR (1527-1800)/DUIT SYILING NEGERI JOHOR (1527-1800)

Posted by DICKSON NIEW 4 comments

COINS OF JOHOR (1527-1800)
   

   During the course of the 16th century, the Malay Empire of Johor developed trade coinages in gold  that were accepted throughout a large part of South East Asia. These were based upon two denominations, the Mas and the Kupang, which eventually became standardised as the half and the eighth part of the Spanish dollar. Tin cash (or Katun) were also minted locally and were of several types. These were used as small change at the market.

Doits of the Dutch East India Company (VOC)


  Towards the later part of the 18th century, the locally minted currency of the Johor Empire was superseded by the copper Doits of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). This was followed by the introduction of the copper coinage of the British East India Company at the turn of the 18th century. Chinese cash coins were also being freely circulated by the Chinese merchants. By the 1830's, all of these coins (including the Spanish silver dollar) became the principal coinage of Johor. The merchant tokens of Singapore (cockerel type, etc.) were widely used in Johor to serve as small change.


The merchant tokens of Singapore.Collection Of Mahadevan.
Gold and Tin Coins
  

    In the 16th century, the state of Johor issued two gold coins of different denominations; the Mas, equivalent  to half of a Spanish Dollar and the Kupang, worth only one-eight of a Spanish Dollar. Tin cash or katun were minted and used locally. The first gold coins were issued during the reign of Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah I (1527-1564). There were octagonal in shape and inscribed on the obverse with the name of the Sultan and with his title Khalifatul Mukminin (Vice-Gerent of the Faithful) on the revese. This issues ceased with reign of Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah (1722-1760). According to the Anglo-Johor treaty of 1885, all currency apart from the Straits Settlement coinage was withdrawn from circulation.


DUIT SYILING NEGERI JOHOR (1527-1800) 



  Sepanjang tempoh kurun ke-16, Kerajaan Melayu Johor telah mengeluarkan duit syiling perdagangan daripada emas yang diterima secara menyeluruh di sebahagian besar Asia Tenggara. Duit-duit syiling ini terdiri daripada dua kadar nilai, Mas dan Kupang yang kemudiannya telah menjadi ukuran yang setara dengan setengah dan lapan bahagian Dolar Sepanyol. Duit syiling timah ( atau katun) juga ditempa dalam negeri dan terdiri daripada beberapa jenis. Ianya digunakan sebagai duit tukaran kecil di pasar.

Doit tembaga Syarikat Hindia Timur Belanda (VOC
    Menjelang akhir abad ke-18, matawang Kerajaan Johor yang ditempa dalam negeri diganti oleh Doit tembaga Syarikat Hindia Timur Belanda (VOC). Selepas itu duit syiling tembaga syarikat Hindia Timur British diperkenalkan menjelang abad ke-18. Duit syiling kecil China juga diedar secara bebas oleh saudagar-saudagar Cina. Menielang tahun-tahun 1830an, semua duit syiling ini (termasuk dolar perak Sepanyol) merupakan duit-duit syiling utama negeri Johor. Token-token saudagar Singapura (jenis ayam jantan kecil dan lain-lain) digunakan secara meluas di Johor sebagai tukaran kecil.


Duit Syiling Emas dan Timah 

Collection Of mnfaj
    Pada kurun ke-16 Negeri Johor telah mengeluarkan dua jenis duit emas yang berlainan kadar nilainya; seMas dinilaikan bersamaan dengan setengah Dolar Sepanyol manakala jenis Kupang hanya bernilai satu per lapan Dolar Sepanyol. Duit timah atau Katun telah ditempa dan digunakan di Johor. Duit emas pertama telah dikeluarkan semasa pemerintahan Sultan Alauddin Riayat Shah I (1527-1564). Duit-duit ini berbentuk segi lapan dan pada bahagian muka depannya tertera nama Sultan dan di sebelah belakang dengan gelaran baginda Khalifatul Mukminin ( Wakil Pemerintal Orang Islam). Duit ini diberhentikan pengeluarannya pada zaman pemerintahan Sultan Sulaiman Badrul Alam Shah (1722-1760). Berdasarkan kepada perjanjian Inggeris-Johor 1885 segala duit kecuali duit Negeri-negeri Selat telah ditarik balik.

(Source - Bank Negara Malaysia, 1995. Pameran Matawang Perdagangan Kepulauan Melayu (18 Mei - 14 Jun 1995) Unit Muzium Matawang, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, p. 33.)

http://dniewcollectors.blogspot.com/2012/01/malaysia-tin-cash-johore-katun.html
http://dniewcollectors.blogspot.com/2011/09/malaysia-tin-coins-johor-katun-cash_22.html 
http://dniewcollectors.blogspot.com/2011/09/malaysia-tin-coins-johor-katun-cash.html
http://dniewcollectors.blogspot.com/2011/11/singapore-tokens.html 
 
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4 comments:

  1. lunaticgJanuary 29, 2012 at 12:02 PM

    Look like I need to learn more about Johor Coinage. I knew many of the tin coins I don't have because some of them a very hard. Try to get them while the price are still cheap.

    ReplyDelete
  2. Niewmismatic Error CoinsJanuary 29, 2012 at 8:25 PM

    Dear Lunaticg,
    I am sure you should know where you can get the best deals!
    Always refer to Dickson Niew Collection Corner lah!!

    ReplyDelete
  3. aaronapngFebruary 1, 2012 at 1:34 PM

    I wanna know more about the dutch coinage in Malaysia. I've not seen many of them...

    ReplyDelete
  4. DICKSON NIEWFebruary 1, 2012 at 9:07 PM

    Dear aaronapng
    Try my level best to post more about the dutch coinage in Malaysia in near future!

    ReplyDelete

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